Why India Failed to Implement Hindi as Medium of Instruction in Higher Education? : Case of Gujarat: Part 4

Why India Failed to Implement Hindi as Medium of Instruction in Higher Education? : Case of Gujarat: Part 4

Article 29(1) confers a fundamental right upon a section of citizens residing in India or any part thereof having a distinct language, script or culture of its own to conserve the same. Clause (2) of Article 29 prohibits a denial of admission to educational institutions maintained by the State Or receiving aid out of State funds on the ground only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them.

Why India Failed to Implement Hindi as Medium of Instruction in Higher Education? : Case of Gujarat: Part 3

Why India Failed to Implement Hindi as Medium of Instruction in Higher Education? : Case of Gujarat: Part 3

Statute 209 replaced English with Gujarati/Hindi for exams/instruction by 1955–56 but allowed temporary English use until 1961. The anomaly persisted: students could write exams in English without English-medium instruction, leading to mismatched learning and assessment, causing academic challenges.

TOP